在AVAssetReader中应用数字信号处理过滤高频声音步骤详解

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问题:

怎样在 AVAssetReader 中应用数字信号处理来过滤高频声音

回答:

AVAssetReader 中应用数字信号处理(DSP)来过滤高频声音,通常需要以下几个步骤:

  1. 创建 AVAssetReader �� AVAssetReaderTrackOutput:从媒体文件中读取音频数据。
  2. 读取音频样本:从 AVAssetReaderTrackOutput 中提取音频样本。
  3. 应用数字信号处理:对提取的音频样本进行高频过滤。
  4. 输出处理后的音频数据:将处理后的音频数据保存或播放。

以下是一个基本的示例代码,展示了如何使用 AVAssetReader 读取音频数据并应用高频滤波器:

import AVFoundation
import Accelerate

func applyHighFrequencyFilter(to asset: AVAsset, cutoffFrequency: Float) {
    guard let audioTrack = asset.tracks(withMediaType: .audio).first else {
        print("No audio track found")
        return
    }

    do {
        let assetReader = try AVAssetReader(asset: asset)
        let outputSettings: [String: Any] = [
            AVFormatIDKey: kAudioFormatLinearPCM,
            AVLinearPCMIsFloatKey: true,
            AVLinearPCMBitDepthKey: 32,
            AVLinearPCMIsNonInterleaved: false
        ]
        let trackOutput = AVAssetReaderTrackOutput(track: audioTrack, outputSettings: outputSettings)
        assetReader.add(trackOutput)
        assetReader.startReading()

        var audioBufferList = AudioBufferList()
        var audioBuffer = AudioBuffer()
        audioBufferList.mNumberBuffers = 1
        audioBufferList.mBuffers = audioBuffer

        while assetReader.status == .reading {
            if let sampleBuffer = trackOutput.copyNextSampleBuffer(),
               let blockBuffer = CMSampleBufferGetDataBuffer(sampleBuffer) {
                var length = 0
                var dataPointer: UnsafeMutablePointer<Int8>?
                CMBlockBufferGetDataPointer(blockBuffer, atOffset: 0, lengthAtOffsetOut: &length, totalLengthOut: &length, dataPointerOut: &dataPointer)

                if let dataPointer = dataPointer {
                    let data = UnsafeMutableRawPointer(dataPointer).assumingMemoryBound(to: Float.self)
                    let frameCount = length / MemoryLayout<Float>.size

                    // Apply high-frequency filter
                    var filterState = [Float](repeating: 0, count: 2)
                    let nyquist = 0.5 * 44100.0
                    let normalizedCutoff = cutoffFrequency / Float(nyquist)
                    var coefficients = [Float](repeating: 0, count: 5)
                    vDSP_biquad_CreateLowPass(&coefficients, normalizedCutoff, 0.707)

                    vDSP_biquad(&coefficients, &filterState, data, 1, data, 1, vDSP_Length(frameCount))

                    // Processed data is now in `data`
                    // You can save or play the processed data here
                }

                CMSampleBufferInvalidate(sampleBuffer)
            }
        }

        if assetReader.status == .completed {
            print("Processing completed")
        } else {
            print("Processing failed with status: \(assetReader.status)")
        }
    } catch {
        print("Error: \(error)")
    }
}

解释

  1. 创建 AVAssetReaderAVAssetReaderTrackOutput

    • AVAsset 中获取音频轨道,并创建 AVAssetReaderAVAssetReaderTrackOutput 来读取音频数据。
  2. 读取音频样本

    • 使用 copyNextSampleBuffer 方法从 AVAssetReaderTrackOutput 中提取音频样本。
  3. 应用数字信号处理

    • 使用 vDSP_biquad 函数应用高频滤波器。这里使用了双二阶滤波器(biquad filter),你可以根据需要调整滤波器的类型和参数。
  4. 输出处理后的音频数据

    • 处理后的音频数据保存在 data 中,你可以将其保存到文件或进行播放。