翻译 Electrosynthesis and electrocatalysis are characteristic of their unique capability to transport electrons between electrodes and organic compounds. Such kind of electron transfer could be ideally manipulated by the fine-tuning of electrolytic conditions, including applied potentials, currents, or even waveforms. Synthetic electrochemistry has profoundly accelerated the development of a variety of organic transformations, such as annulations,alkene functionalizations, heterocyclization and so on. In particular, upon abstraction or injection of a certain number of electrons, one would expect the flat tethered arene to undergo a follow-up intermolecular or intramolecular spirocyclization leading to the formation of spirocyclic Wheland complex, Meisenheimer complex, or arene radical. Those reactive intermediates might all be productively engaged in the generation of diverse three-dimension spirocyclic architectures (Scheme 1).
电合成和电催化的特点在于其在电极和有机化合物之间传输电子的独特能力。这种电子转移可以通过精细调节电解条件（包括施加的电位、电流，甚至波形）来理想地操控。合成电化学极大地加速了多种有机转化反应的发展，如环化、烯烃官能化、杂环化等。特别是，通过抽取或注入一定数量的电子，可以预期平面连接的芳烃会经历后续的分子间或分子内螺环化，形成螺环的Wheland络合物、Meisenheimer络合物或芳烃自由基。这些活性中间体可能都能有效地参与生成多种三维螺环结构（见图1）。